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Travel & Tourism . Tourist Guide to the Country

Tonga Geography




Tonga    Geography Top of Page
Location: Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Geographic coordinates: 20 00 S, 175 00 W
Map references: Oceania
Area: total:  748 sq km

land:  718 sq km

water:  30 sq km
Area - comparative: four times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 419 km
Maritime claims: continental shelf:  200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:  200 NM

territorial sea:  12 NM
Climate: tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
Terrain: most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base
Elevation extremes: lowest point:  Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:  unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m
Natural resources: fish, fertile soil
Land use: arable land:  24%

permanent crops:  43%

permanent pastures:  6%

forests and woodland:  11%

other:  16% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Natural hazards: cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou
Environment - current issues: deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement; some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations
Environment - international agreements: party to:  Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:  none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: archipelago of 170 islands (36 inhabited)

 

Countryfacts Information Courtesy: CIA Worldbook








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