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| Location: |
Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean 717 NM (1328 km) southwest of Honolulu, Hawaii, about one-third of the way from Hawaii to the Marshall Islands
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| Geographic coordinates: |
16 45 N, 169 31 W
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| Area: |
total:
2.8 sq km
land:
2.8 sq km
water:
0 sq km
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| Area - comparative: |
about 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
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| Maritime claims: |
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM
territorial sea:
12 NM
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| Climate: |
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
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| Elevation extremes: |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Summit Peak 5 m
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| Natural resources: |
guano deposits worked until depletion about 1890, terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
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| Land use: |
arable land:
0%
permanent crops:
0%
permanent pastures:
0%
forests and woodland:
0%
other:
100%
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| Irrigated land: |
0 sq km (1998)
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| Environment - current issues: |
no natural fresh water resources
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| Geography - note: |
strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands, which have been expanded by coral dredging; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; egg-shaped reef is 34 km in circumference; closed to the public; former US nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing vegetation
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