| Railways: |
total:
14,400 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines
broad gauge:
14,400 km 1.520-m gauge (3,299 km electrified) (1997)
|
| Highways: |
total:
NA km
paved:
150,000 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather) (2000)
unpaved:
NA km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather)
|
| Waterways: |
3,900 km
note:
on the Syrdariya (Syr Darya) and Ertis (Irtysh) rivers
|
| Pipelines: |
crude oil 2,850 km; refined products 1,500 km; natural gas 3,480 km (1992)
|
| Ports and harbors: |
Aqtau (Shevchenko), Atyrau (Gur'yev), Oskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk), Pavlodar, Semey (Semipalatinsk)
|
| Airports: |
449 (2000 est.)
|
| Airports - with paved runways: |
total:
28
over 3,047 m:
6
2,438 to 3,047 m:
14
1,524 to 2,437 m:
5
under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
|
| Airports - with unpaved runways: |
total:
421
over 3,047 m:
11
2,438 to 3,047 m:
18
1,524 to 2,437 m:
45
914 to 1,523 m:
101
under 914 m:
246 (2000 est.)
|
|
