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Transcaucasian Federation

by António Martins

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In 1918 in Transcaucasia the government was taken by rightists and Menshevists, and they declared 'Independent Democratic Republics' of Armenia, Azerbaidjan and Georgia. Their flags were horizontal tricolours: yellow-black-red in Georgia, blue-red-yellow in Armenia, and blue-red-green with white crescent and star in Azarbaidjan.
The horizontal tricolour yellow-black-red (better orange-black-red) was the flag choosen for the Federative Democratic Republic of Transcaucasia, created on 22 April 1918 and disappeared on 26 May of the same year.

Source: A. Ziggioto [zig94]

Mario Fabretto, 11 October 1996

The Caucasian Peoples' National Council created in Tiflis on 20 September 1917 the Transcaucasian Federation, but each country had specific interest and the Federal government was unefficient. The war between the Transcaucasian Federation and Turkey began on 13 April 1918. On 26 April 1918, Armenia proclaimed independence and the Federation was dissolved.

Jaume Ollé, 29 November 1998

"Transcaucasian Federation, short-lived state established in 1917 after the Bolchevik seizure of power, declared in April 1918 to be an independent Republic. Georgian Mensheviks, the Azerbaijani party Musavat and the Armenian party Dashnaktsutyun dominated its legislative assembly, which consisted of Transcaucasian members of the All-Russian Constituent Assembly. In May 1918, the Federation dissolved into the republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgian. After the three republics had been conquered by the Red Army, a Transcaucasian SFSR was formed in 1922."

Source: A Concise Encyclopaedia of Russia (London, 1961).

Jarig Bakker, 24 November 1998